MicrosoftDocs · learn-build-service-prod · Dec 1, 2025 · Dec 1, 2025 · Dec 1, 2025
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 description: Variables that customize the behavior of PowerShell.
 Locale: en-US
-ms.date: 06/17/2024
+ms.date: 12/01/2025
 online version: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables?view=powershell-5.1&WT.mc_id=ps-gethelp
 schema: 2.0.0
 title: about_Preference_Variables
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ behavior. These preference variables work like the options in GUI-based
 systems.
 
 The preference variables affect the PowerShell operating environment and all
-commands run in the environment. In many cases, the cmdlets have parameters
-that you can use to override the preference behavior for a specific command.
+commands run in the environment. Some cmdlets have parameters that allow you to
+override the preference behavior for a specific command.
 
 The following table lists the preference variables and their default values.
 

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 description: Variables that customize the behavior of PowerShell.
 Locale: en-US
-ms.date: 04/06/2024
+ms.date: 12/01/2025
 online version: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables?view=powershell-7.4&WT.mc_id=ps-gethelp
 schema: 2.0.0
 title: about_Preference_Variables
@@ -119,7 +119,8 @@ Cmdlets and functions are assigned a risk of **High**, **Medium**, or **Low**.
 When the value of the `$ConfirmPreference` variable is less than or equal to
 the risk assigned to a cmdlet or function, PowerShell automatically prompts you
 for confirmation before running the cmdlet or function. For more information
-about assigning a risk to cmdlets or functions, see [about_Functions_CmdletBindingAttribute][66].
+about assigning a risk to cmdlets or functions, see
+[about_Functions_CmdletBindingAttribute][66].
 
 If the value of the `$ConfirmPreference` variable is **None**, PowerShell never
 automatically prompts you before running a cmdlet or function.
@@ -167,11 +168,12 @@ Cmdlets and functions that might pose a risk to the system have a **Confirm**
 parameter that you can use to request or suppress confirmation for a single
 command.
 
-Most cmdlets and functions keep the default value of **Medium** for **ConfirmImpact**.
-`$ConfirmPreference` is set to **High** by default. Therefore, it's rare that commands
-automatically prompt for confirmation when users don't specify the **Confirm** parameter.
-To extend automatic confirmation prompting to more cmdlets and functions, set the value
-of `$ConfirmPreference` to **Medium** or **Low**.
+Most cmdlets and functions keep the default value of **Medium** for
+**ConfirmImpact**. `$ConfirmPreference` is set to **High** by default.
+Therefore, it's rare that commands automatically prompt for confirmation when
+users don't specify the **Confirm** parameter. To extend automatic confirmation
+prompting to more cmdlets and functions, set the value of `$ConfirmPreference`
+to **Medium** or **Low**.
 
 ### Examples
 

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 description: Variables that customize the behavior of PowerShell.
 Locale: en-US
-ms.date: 04/06/2024
+ms.date: 12/01/2025
 online version: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables?view=powershell-7.5&WT.mc_id=ps-gethelp
 schema: 2.0.0
 title: about_Preference_Variables
@@ -119,7 +119,8 @@ Cmdlets and functions are assigned a risk of **High**, **Medium**, or **Low**.
 When the value of the `$ConfirmPreference` variable is less than or equal to
 the risk assigned to a cmdlet or function, PowerShell automatically prompts you
 for confirmation before running the cmdlet or function. For more information
-about assigning a risk to cmdlets or functions, see [about_Functions_CmdletBindingAttribute][66].
+about assigning a risk to cmdlets or functions, see
+[about_Functions_CmdletBindingAttribute][66].
 
 If the value of the `$ConfirmPreference` variable is **None**, PowerShell never
 automatically prompts you before running a cmdlet or function.
@@ -167,11 +168,12 @@ Cmdlets and functions that might pose a risk to the system have a **Confirm**
 parameter that you can use to request or suppress confirmation for a single
 command.
 
-Most cmdlets and functions keep the default value of **Medium** for **ConfirmImpact**.
-`$ConfirmPreference` is set to **High** by default. Therefore, it's rare that commands
-automatically prompt for confirmation when users don't specify the **Confirm** parameter.
-To extend automatic confirmation prompting to more cmdlets and functions, set the value
-of `$ConfirmPreference` to **Medium** or **Low**.
+Most cmdlets and functions keep the default value of **Medium** for
+**ConfirmImpact**. `$ConfirmPreference` is set to **High** by default.
+Therefore, it's rare that commands automatically prompt for confirmation when
+users don't specify the **Confirm** parameter. To extend automatic confirmation
+prompting to more cmdlets and functions, set the value of `$ConfirmPreference`
+to **Medium** or **Low**.
 
 ### Examples
 

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 description: Variables that customize the behavior of PowerShell.
 Locale: en-US
-ms.date: 04/06/2024
+ms.date: 12/01/2025
 online version: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables?view=powershell-7.6&WT.mc_id=ps-gethelp
 schema: 2.0.0
 title: about_Preference_Variables
@@ -119,7 +119,8 @@ Cmdlets and functions are assigned a risk of **High**, **Medium**, or **Low**.
 When the value of the `$ConfirmPreference` variable is less than or equal to
 the risk assigned to a cmdlet or function, PowerShell automatically prompts you
 for confirmation before running the cmdlet or function. For more information
-about assigning a risk to cmdlets or functions, see [about_Functions_CmdletBindingAttribute][66].
+about assigning a risk to cmdlets or functions, see
+[about_Functions_CmdletBindingAttribute][66].
 
 If the value of the `$ConfirmPreference` variable is **None**, PowerShell never
 automatically prompts you before running a cmdlet or function.
@@ -167,11 +168,12 @@ Cmdlets and functions that might pose a risk to the system have a **Confirm**
 parameter that you can use to request or suppress confirmation for a single
 command.
 
-Most cmdlets and functions keep the default value of **Medium** for **ConfirmImpact**.
-`$ConfirmPreference` is set to **High** by default. Therefore, it's rare that commands
-automatically prompt for confirmation when users don't specify the **Confirm** parameter.
-To extend automatic confirmation prompting to more cmdlets and functions, set the value
-of `$ConfirmPreference` to **Medium** or **Low**.
+Most cmdlets and functions keep the default value of **Medium** for
+**ConfirmImpact**. `$ConfirmPreference` is set to **High** by default.
+Therefore, it's rare that commands automatically prompt for confirmation when
+users don't specify the **Confirm** parameter. To extend automatic confirmation
+prompting to more cmdlets and functions, set the value of `$ConfirmPreference`
+to **Medium** or **Low**.
 
 ### Examples
 

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 description: List of changes to the PowerShell documentation for 2025
-ms.date: 11/06/2025
+ms.date: 12/01/2025
 title: What's New in PowerShell-Docs for 2025
 ---
 # What's new in PowerShell Docs for 2025
@@ -13,6 +13,40 @@ get started.
 
 <!-- Link references -->
 [01]: contributing/overview.md
+<!--------------------->
+
+## 2025-November
+
+Content updates
+
+- Retired the Windows PowerShell Programmer's Guide
+  - 82 out-of-date articles moved to the
+    [archive](/previous-versions/powershell/scripting/developer/prog-guide/windows-powershell-programmer-s-guide)
+    site
+- Retired the Windows PowerShell ISE Scripting Object Model
+  - 15 articles moved to the
+    [archive](/previous-versions/powershell/scripting/windows-powershell/ise/object-model/purpose-of-the-windows-powershell-ise-scripting-object-model)
+    site
+- Refactored the instructions for installing PowerShell on Windows
+  - Split out instructions for
+    [Install PowerShell on Windows IoT and Nano Server](/powershell/scripting/install/install-powershell-on-windows-iot-nano)
+
+GitHub stats
+
+- 20 PRs merged (2 from Community)
+- 34 issues opened (11 from Community)
+- 32 issues closed (9 Community issues closed)
+
+Top Community Contributors
+
+The following people contributed to PowerShell docs this month by submitting pull requests or
+filing issues. Thank you!
+
+| GitHub Id | PRs merged | Issues opened |
+| --------- | :--------: | :-----------: |
+| alirobe   |     1      |               |
+| sleggy    |     1      |               |
+| iRon7     |            |       2       |
 
 ## 2025-October
 

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 description: List of the GitHub users that have the most contributions to the PowerShell-Doc project.
-ms.date: 11/06/2025
+ms.date: 12/01/2025
 title: Community contributor Hall of Fame
 ---
 # Community Contributor Hall of Fame
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Pull Requests help us fix those issues and make the documentation better for eve
 
 |     PRs Merged     | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | Grand Total |
 | ------------------ | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ----------: |
-| Community          |    3 |  194 |  446 |  467 |  321 |  160 |   98 |  121 |  108 |   81 |  142 |        2141 |
+| Community          |    3 |  194 |  446 |  467 |  321 |  160 |   99 |  121 |  108 |   81 |  143 |        2143 |
 | matt9ucci          |      |      |  157 |   80 |   30 |    1 |    6 |      |      |      |      |         274 |
 | nschonni           |      |      |      |   14 |  138 |   10 |      |      |      |      |      |         162 |
 | kiazhi             |      |   25 |   79 |   12 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |         116 |
@@ -38,28 +38,28 @@ Pull Requests help us fix those issues and make the documentation better for eve
 | kvprasoon          |      |    2 |    1 |    7 |    2 |    2 |    2 |      |      |      |      |          16 |
 | k-takai            |      |      |      |    5 |    1 |    7 |      |      |      |      |      |          13 |
 | purdo17            |      |      |      |   13 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |          13 |
-| exchange12rocks    |      |      |    7 |    3 |      |      |    1 |      |      |      |      |          11 |
-| PlagueHO           |      |   10 |      |      |    1 |      |      |      |      |      |      |          11 |
 | bergmeister        |      |      |    1 |    3 |    3 |    1 |    1 |    1 |    1 |      |      |          11 |
+| PlagueHO           |      |   10 |      |      |    1 |      |      |      |      |      |      |          11 |
+| exchange12rocks    |      |      |    7 |    3 |      |      |    1 |      |      |      |      |          11 |
 
 ## GitHub issues opened
 
 GitHub issues help us identify errors and gaps in our documentation.
 
 |   Issues Opened    | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | Grand Total |
 | ------------------ | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ----------: |
-| Community          |    3 |   54 |   95 |  210 |  562 |  557 |  363 |  225 |  270 |  220 |  134 |        2693 |
+| Community          |    3 |   54 |   95 |  210 |  557 |  552 |  363 |  224 |  270 |  219 |  138 |        2685 |
 | mklement0          |      |      |   19 |   60 |   56 |   61 |   28 |    8 |   20 |   24 |    2 |         278 |
 | ehmiiz             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |   20 |   14 |      |      |          34 |
 | iSazonov           |      |      |    1 |    4 |   10 |    8 |    4 |    3 |      |    1 |      |          31 |
-| iRon7              |      |      |      |      |      |    2 |    2 |    2 |   10 |    8 |    4 |          28 |
+| iRon7              |      |      |      |      |      |    2 |    2 |    2 |   10 |    8 |    5 |          29 |
 | jszabo98           |      |      |      |    2 |   15 |    6 |    1 |      |    1 |    2 |      |          27 |
 | juvtib             |      |      |      |      |      |   15 |    7 |      |      |      |      |          22 |
 | surfingoldelephant |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |    6 |   15 |          21 |
+| peetrike           |      |      |      |    1 |      |    4 |    2 |    6 |    4 |    3 |    1 |          21 |
 | doctordns          |      |      |    5 |    3 |    5 |    7 |    1 |      |      |      |      |          21 |
-| peetrike           |      |      |      |    1 |      |    4 |    2 |    6 |    4 |    3 |      |          20 |
-| JustinGrote        |      |      |      |    1 |    3 |    6 |    1 |    1 |    2 |    2 |    2 |          18 |
 | kilasuit           |      |      |      |      |    3 |    2 |    1 |    4 |    1 |    3 |    4 |          18 |
+| JustinGrote        |      |      |      |    1 |    3 |    6 |    1 |    1 |    2 |    2 |    2 |          18 |
 | vexx32             |      |      |      |    3 |   11 |      |      |    3 |      |      |      |          17 |
 | KirkMunro          |      |      |      |    7 |    7 |    1 |      |      |      |      |      |          15 |
 | alexandair         |      |    9 |    4 |    2 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |          15 |
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ GitHub issues help us identify errors and gaps in our documentation.
 | CarloToso          |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |   11 |      |      |          11 |
 | Liturgist          |      |      |      |      |    1 |    1 |    1 |    2 |    4 |    2 |      |          11 |
 | ArmaanMcleod       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |    4 |    6 |      |          10 |
-| vors               |    1 |    6 |    2 |    1 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |          10 |
 | UberKluger         |      |      |      |      |      |    1 |    7 |    2 |      |      |      |          10 |
+| vors               |    1 |    6 |    2 |    1 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |          10 |
 | matt9ucci          |      |      |    2 |    5 |      |      |    2 |      |    1 |      |      |          10 |
 | LaurentDardenne    |      |      |    3 |    2 |      |      |      |    5 |      |      |      |          10 |
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 description: >
   This article shows how to run commands in PowerShell.
 title: Running commands in the shell
-ms.date: 11/21/2025
+ms.date: 12/01/2025
 ---
 # Running commands in the shell
 
@@ -70,17 +70,17 @@ adjust how you pass those strings.
 
 For more information, see the following articles:
 
-- [about_Parsing][1]
-- [about_Quoting_Rules][2]
+- [about_Parsing][03]
+- [about_Quoting_Rules][06]
 
 PowerShell 7.2 introduced a new experimental feature `PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing` that improved
-native command handling. For more information, see [`$PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing`][3].
+native command handling. For more information, see [`$PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing`][04].
 
 ### Handling output and errors
 
 PowerShell also has several more output streams than other shells. The `bash` and `cmd.exe` shells
 have **stdout** and **stderr**. PowerShell has six output streams. For more information, see
-[about_Redirection][4] and [about_Output_Streams][5].
+[about_Redirection][07] and [about_Output_Streams][02].
 
 In general, the output sent to **stdout** by a native command is sent to the **Success** stream in
 PowerShell. Output sent to **stderr** by a native command is sent to the **Error** stream in
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ behavior can cause confusion in PowerShell when looking through errors and the a
 information can be lost if `$ErrorActionPreference` is set to a state that mutes the output.
 
 PowerShell 7.3 added a new experimental feature `PSNativeCommandErrorActionPreference` that allows
-you to control whether output to `stderr` is treated as an error. For more information, see
-[`$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference`][6].
+you to control how you handle non-zero exit codes from native commands. For more information, see
+[`$PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference`][05].
 
 ## Running PowerShell commands
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ the PowerShell scripting language itself.
 The PowerShell **call operator** (`&`) lets you run commands that are stored in variables and
 represented by strings or script blocks. You can use the operator to run any native command or
 PowerShell command. This is useful in a script when you need to dynamically construct the
-command-line parameters for a native command. For more information, see the [call operator][7].
+command-line parameters for a native command. For more information, see the [call operator][01].
 
 The `Start-Process` cmdlet can be used to run native commands, but should only be used when you need
 to control how the command is executed. The cmdlet has parameters to support the following
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ $processOptions = @{
 Start-Process @processOptions
 ```
 
-For more information, see [Start-Process][8].
+For more information, see [Start-Process][09].
 
 On Windows, the `Invoke-Item` cmdlet performs the default action for the specified item. For
 example, it runs an executable file or opens a document file using the application associated with
@@ -149,15 +149,15 @@ The following example opens the PowerShell source code repository in your defaul
 Invoke-Item https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell
 ```
 
-For more information, see [Invoke-Item][9].
+For more information, see [Invoke-Item][08].
 
 <!-- link references -->
-[1]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_parsing#passing-arguments-to-native
-[2]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_quoting_rules
-[3]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables#psnativecommandargumentpassing
-[4]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_redirection
-[5]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_output_streams
-[6]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables#psnativecommanduseerroractionpreference
-[7]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_operators#call-operator-
-[8]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/start-process
-[9]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/invoke-item
+[01]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_operators#call-operator-
+[02]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_output_streams
+[03]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_parsing#passing-arguments-to-native
+[04]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables#psnativecommandargumentpassing
+[05]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables#psnativecommanduseerroractionpreference
+[06]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_quoting_rules
+[07]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_redirection
+[08]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/invoke-item
+[09]: /powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/start-process