feature #59904 [Routing] Add alias in {foo:bar} syntax in route parameter (eltharin)

This PR was squashed before being merged into the 7.3 branch.

Discussion
----------

[Routing] Add alias in `{foo:bar}` syntax in route parameter

| Q             | A
| ------------- | ---
| Branch?       | 7.3
| Bug fix?      | no
| New feature?  | yes
| Deprecations? | no
| License       | MIT

Since symfony/symfony#54720 we can/have to write route parameters with "destination" as slug:bar,

but if we have two properties with same name example :

`/search-book/{name:author}/{name:category}`

we get the error message : Route pattern "/search-book/{name}/{name}" cannot reference variable name "name" more than once.

Actually to prevent this error we have to use MapEntity as :

```php
    public function bookSearch(
        #[MapEntity(mapping: ['authorName' => 'name'])]
        Author $author,
        #[MapEntity(mapping: ['categoryName' => 'name'])]
        Category $category): Response
    {
```

and we have to remove Mapped Route Parameters :

`#[Route('/search-book/{authorName}/{categoryName}')`

This PR proposal is to remove MapEntity attributes and keep Mapped Route Parameters by adding an alias on it :

`/search-book/{authorName:author.name}/{categoryName:category.name}`

With that, EntityValueResolver will search name in author Entity and name in Category Entity.

We can have url with : `{{ path('bookSearch', {authorName: 'KING', categoryName: 'Horror'}) }}`

Commits
-------

4e2c6386912 [Routing] Add alias in `{foo:bar}` syntax in route parameter

Author: fabpot

Route.php

@@ -418,15 +418,15 @@ private function extractInlineDefaultsAndRequirements(string $pattern): string
 
         $mapping = $this->getDefault('_route_mapping') ?? [];
 
-        $pattern = preg_replace_callback('#\{(!?)([\w\x80-\xFF]++)(:[\w\x80-\xFF]++)?(<.*?>)?(\?[^\}]*+)?\}#', function ($m) use (&$mapping) {
-            if (isset($m[5][0])) {
-                $this->setDefault($m[2], '?' !== $m[5] ? substr($m[5], 1) : null);
+        $pattern = preg_replace_callback('#\{(!?)([\w\x80-\xFF]++)(:([\w\x80-\xFF]++)(\.[\w\x80-\xFF]++)?)?(<.*?>)?(\?[^\}]*+)?\}#', function ($m) use (&$mapping) {
+            if (isset($m[7][0])) {
+                $this->setDefault($m[2], '?' !== $m[6] ? substr($m[7], 1) : null);
             }
-            if (isset($m[4][0])) {
-                $this->setRequirement($m[2], substr($m[4], 1, -1));
+            if (isset($m[6][0])) {
+                $this->setRequirement($m[2], substr($m[6], 1, -1));
             }
-            if (isset($m[3][0])) {
-                $mapping[$m[2]] = substr($m[3], 1);
+            if (isset($m[4][0])) {
+                $mapping[$m[2]] = isset($m[5][0]) ? [$m[4], substr($m[5], 1)] : $mapping[$m[2]] = [$m[4], $m[2]];
             }
 
             return '{'.$m[1].$m[2].'}';

Tests/Matcher/UrlMatcherTest.php

@@ -1011,7 +1011,30 @@ public function testMapping()
             '_route' => 'a',
             'slug' => 'vienna-2024',
             '_route_mapping' => [
-                'slug' => 'conference',
+                'slug' => [
+                    'conference',
+                    'slug',
+                ],
+            ],
+        ];
+        $this->assertEquals($expected, $matcher->match('/conference/vienna-2024'));
+    }
+
+    public function testMappingwithAlias()
+    {
+        $collection = new RouteCollection();
+        $collection->add('a', new Route('/conference/{conferenceSlug:conference.slug}'));
+
+        $matcher = $this->getUrlMatcher($collection);
+
+        $expected = [
+            '_route' => 'a',
+            'conferenceSlug' => 'vienna-2024',
+            '_route_mapping' => [
+                'conferenceSlug' => [
+                    'conference',
+                    'slug',
+                ],
             ],
         ];
         $this->assertEquals($expected, $matcher->match('/conference/vienna-2024'));