diff --git a/spring-batch-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/batch/core/step/item/ChunkOrientedStep.java b/spring-batch-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/batch/core/step/item/ChunkOrientedStep.java
index 2c86d54e21..f4f79e75df 100644
--- a/spring-batch-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/batch/core/step/item/ChunkOrientedStep.java
+++ b/spring-batch-core/src/main/java/org/springframework/batch/core/step/item/ChunkOrientedStep.java
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@
 import org.springframework.batch.core.step.StepInterruptionPolicy;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.step.ThreadStepInterruptionPolicy;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.step.skip.AlwaysSkipItemSkipPolicy;
+import org.springframework.batch.core.step.skip.NonSkippableProcessException;
+import org.springframework.batch.core.step.skip.NonSkippableReadException;
+import org.springframework.batch.core.step.skip.NonSkippableWriteException;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.step.skip.SkipPolicy;
 import org.springframework.batch.infrastructure.item.Chunk;
 import org.springframework.batch.infrastructure.item.ExecutionContext;
@@ -560,6 +563,9 @@ private void doSkipInRead(RetryException retryException, StepContribution contri
 			this.compositeSkipListener.onSkipInRead(cause);
 			contribution.incrementReadSkipCount();
 		}
+		else {
+			throw new NonSkippableReadException("Skip policy rejected skipping item", cause);
+		}
 	}
 
 	private Chunk<O> processChunk(Chunk<I> chunk, StepContribution contribution) throws Exception {
@@ -653,6 +659,9 @@ private void doSkipInProcess(I item, RetryException retryException, StepContribu
 			this.compositeSkipListener.onSkipInProcess(item, retryException.getCause());
 			contribution.incrementProcessSkipCount();
 		}
+		else {
+			throw new NonSkippableProcessException("Skip policy rejected skipping item", cause);
+		}
 	}
 
 	private void writeChunk(Chunk<O> chunk, StepContribution contribution) throws Exception {
@@ -737,6 +746,7 @@ private void scan(Chunk<O> chunk, StepContribution contribution) {
 				else {
 					logger.error("Failed to write item: " + item, exception);
 					this.compositeItemWriteListener.onWriteError(exception, singleItemChunk);
+					throw new NonSkippableWriteException("Skip policy rejected skipping item", exception);
 				}
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/spring-batch-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/batch/core/step/item/ChunkOrientedStepTests.java b/spring-batch-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/batch/core/step/item/ChunkOrientedStepTests.java
index 244719d754..681c993e21 100644
--- a/spring-batch-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/batch/core/step/item/ChunkOrientedStepTests.java
+++ b/spring-batch-core/src/test/java/org/springframework/batch/core/step/item/ChunkOrientedStepTests.java
@@ -17,21 +17,32 @@
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
+import org.springframework.batch.core.ExitStatus;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.job.JobExecution;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.job.JobInstance;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.job.parameters.JobParameters;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRepository;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.support.ResourcelessJobRepository;
+import org.springframework.batch.core.step.FatalStepExecutionException;
 import org.springframework.batch.core.step.StepExecution;
+import org.springframework.batch.core.step.skip.NeverSkipItemSkipPolicy;
+import org.springframework.batch.core.step.skip.NonSkippableProcessException;
+import org.springframework.batch.infrastructure.item.ItemProcessor;
 import org.springframework.batch.infrastructure.item.ItemReader;
 import org.springframework.batch.infrastructure.item.ItemWriter;
+import org.springframework.core.retry.policy.SimpleRetryPolicy;
 
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 /**
+ * Tests for {@link ChunkOrientedStep}.
+ *
  * @author Mahmoud Ben Hassine
  */
 public class ChunkOrientedStepTests {
@@ -57,4 +68,46 @@ void testReadNoMoreThanAvailableItems() throws Exception {
 		verify(reader, times(6)).read();
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void testDoSkipInProcessThrowsNonSkippableProcessExceptionWhenSkipPolicyReturnsFalse() throws Exception {
+		// given - fault-tolerant step with NeverSkipItemSkipPolicy and retry limit
+		ItemReader<String> reader = mock();
+		when(reader.read()).thenReturn("item1", "item2", "item3", null);
+
+		ItemProcessor<String, String> processor = item -> {
+			if ("item2".equals(item)) {
+				throw new RuntimeException("Processing failed for item2");
+			}
+			return item.toUpperCase();
+		};
+
+		ItemWriter<String> writer = chunk -> {
+		};
+
+		JobRepository jobRepository = new ResourcelessJobRepository();
+		ChunkOrientedStep<String, String> step = new ChunkOrientedStep<>("step", 3, reader, writer, jobRepository);
+		step.setItemProcessor(processor);
+		step.setFaultTolerant(true);
+		step.setRetryPolicy(new SimpleRetryPolicy(2)); // retry once (initial + 1 retry)
+		step.setSkipPolicy(new NeverSkipItemSkipPolicy()); // never skip
+		step.afterPropertiesSet();
+
+		JobInstance jobInstance = new JobInstance(1L, "job");
+		JobExecution jobExecution = new JobExecution(1L, jobInstance, new JobParameters());
+		StepExecution stepExecution = new StepExecution(1L, "step", jobExecution);
+
+		// when - execute step
+		FatalStepExecutionException exception = assertThrows(FatalStepExecutionException.class, () -> {
+			step.execute(stepExecution);
+		});
+
+		// then - should throw NonSkippableProcessException
+		Throwable cause = exception.getCause();
+		assertInstanceOf(NonSkippableProcessException.class, cause,
+				"Expected NonSkippableProcessException when skip policy rejects skipping");
+		assertEquals("Skip policy rejected skipping item", cause.getMessage());
+		assertEquals(ExitStatus.FAILED.getExitCode(), stepExecution.getExitStatus().getExitCode());
+		assertEquals(0, stepExecution.getProcessSkipCount(), "Process skip count should be 0");
+	}
+
 }