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Merge pull request #3890 from raspberrypi/ai
Add documentation for SSDs and SSD Kits; improve SD card documentation for parallelism
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documentation/asciidoc/accessories/sd-cards/about.adoc

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== About
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.A 64GB Raspberry Pi SD Card
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image::images/sd-cards.jpg[width="80%"]
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.A Raspberry Pi SD Card inserted into a Raspberry Pi 5
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image::images/sd-hero.jpg[width="80%"]
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SD card quality is a critical factor in determining the overall user experience for a Raspberry Pi computer. Slow bus speeds and lack of command queueing can reduce the performance of even the most powerful Raspberry Pi models.
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SD card quality is a critical factor in determining the overall user experience for a Raspberry Pi. Slow bus speeds and lack of command queueing can reduce the performance of even the most powerful Raspberry Pi models.
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Raspberry Pi's official microSD cards support DDR50 and SDR104 bus speeds. Additionally, Raspberry Pi SD cards support the command queueing (CQ) extension, which permits some pipelining of random read operations, ensuring optimal performance.
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== Specifications
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Raspberry Pi SD cards have the following specifications:
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.A 128GB Raspberry Pi SD Card
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image::images/sd-cards.png[width="80%"]
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Speed Class: C10, U3, V30, A2
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Raspberry Pi SD cards use the SD6.1 SD specification.
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Random 4KB read performance:
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Raspberry Pi SD cards use the microSDHC/microSDXC form factor.
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* 3,200 IOPS on Raspberry Pi 4 (DDR50)
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* 5,000 IOPS on Raspberry Pi 5 (SDR104)
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Raspberry Pi SD cards have the following Speed Class ratings: C10, U3, V30, A2.
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Random 4KB write performance:
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The following table describes the read and write speeds of Raspberry Pi SD cards using 4KB of random data:
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* 1,200 IOPS on Raspberry Pi 4 (DDR50)
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* 2,000 IOPS on Raspberry Pi 5 (SDR104)
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|===
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| Raspberry Pi Model | Interface | Read Speed | Write Speed
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Form factor: microSDHC/microSDXC
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| 4 | DDR50 | 3,200 IOPS | 1,200 IOPS
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| 5 | SDR104 | 5,000 IOPS | 2,000 IOPS
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|===
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SD specification: SD6.1
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include::ssd-kit/about.adoc[]
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== About
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.A 512GB Raspberry Pi SSD Kit
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image::images/ssd-kit.png[width="80%"]
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The Raspberry Pi SSD Kit bundles a xref:../accessories/m2-hat-plus.adoc[Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+] with a xref:../accessories/ssds.adoc[Raspberry Pi SSD].
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The Raspberry Pi SSD Kit includes a 16mm stacking header, spacers, and
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screws to enable fitting on Raspberry Pi 5 alongside a Raspberry Pi Active Cooler.
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== Install
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To install the Raspberry Pi SSD Kit, follow the xref:../accessories/m2-hat-plus.adoc#m2-hat-plus-installation[installation instructions for the Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+].
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include::ssds/about.adoc[]
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== About
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.A 512GB Raspberry Pi SSD
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image::images/ssd.png[width="80%"]
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SSD quality is a critical factor in determining the overall user experience for a Raspberry Pi.
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Raspberry Pi provides official SSDs that are tested to ensure compatibility with Raspberry Pi models and peripherals.
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Raspberry Pi SSDs are available in the following sizes:
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* 256GB
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* 512GB
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To use an SSD with your Raspberry Pi, you need a Raspberry Pi 5-compatible M.2 adapter, such as the xref:../accessories/m2-hat-plus.adoc[Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+].
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== Specifications
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Raspberry Pi SSDs are PCIe Gen 3-compliant.
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Raspberry Pi SSDs use the NVMe 1.4 register interface and command set.
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Raspberry Pi SSDs use the M.2 2230 from factor.
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The following table describes the read and write speeds of Raspberry Pi SSDs using 4KB of random data:
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[cols="1,2,2"]
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|===
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| Size | Read Speed | Write Speed
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| 256GB | 40,000 IOPS | 70,000 IOPS
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| 512GB | 50,000 IOPS | 90,000 IOPS
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|===
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