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| 1 | +# MySQL 連線池 (Golang) |
| 2 | +> 一個適用於 Golang 支持鏈式呼叫的 MySQL 包裝器,具備讀寫分離、查詢建構器和自動日誌記錄功能,提供完整的連線管理。<br> |
| 3 | +> Node.js 版本可在[這裡](https://github.com/pardnchiu/node-mysql-pool)取得<br> |
| 4 | +> PHP 版本可在[這裡](https://github.com/pardnchiu/php-mysql-pool)取得 |
| 5 | +
|
| 6 | +[](https://github.com/pardnchiu/go-mysql-pool/blob/main/LICENSE) |
| 7 | +[](https://github.com/pardnchiu/go-mysql-pool/releases) |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +## 功能特色 |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +- **讀寫分離**:支援讀寫連線池配置,提升資料庫效能 |
| 12 | +- **查詢建構器**:鏈式語法的 SQL 查詢建構介面,防止 SQL 注入攻擊 |
| 13 | +- **自動重連**:連線失敗時自動重新建立連線 |
| 14 | +- **並發安全**:執行緒安全的連線管理,支援高並發存取 |
| 15 | +- **慢查詢日誌**:自動記錄超過閾值的查詢,便於效能調優 |
| 16 | +- **動態配置**:運行時動態調整連線池大小 |
| 17 | +- **CRUD 操作**:完整的新增、查詢、更新、刪除操作支援 |
| 18 | +- **記憶體效率**:基於連線池的資源管理,實現最佳效能 |
| 19 | + |
| 20 | +## 依賴套件 |
| 21 | + |
| 22 | +- [`github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql`](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql) |
| 23 | +- [`github.com/pardnchiu/go-logger`](https://github.com/pardnchiu/go-logger) |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +## 使用方法 |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | +### 安裝 |
| 28 | +```bash |
| 29 | +go get github.com/pardnchiu/golang-mysql-pool |
| 30 | +``` |
| 31 | + |
| 32 | +### 初始化 |
| 33 | +```go |
| 34 | +package main |
| 35 | + |
| 36 | +import ( |
| 37 | + "fmt" |
| 38 | + "log" |
| 39 | + |
| 40 | + mysqlPool "github.com/pardnchiu/golang-mysql-pool" |
| 41 | +) |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | +func main() { |
| 44 | + // 建立配置 |
| 45 | + config := mysqlPool.Config{ |
| 46 | + Read: &mysqlPool.DBConfig{ |
| 47 | + Host: "localhost", |
| 48 | + Port: 3306, |
| 49 | + User: "root", |
| 50 | + Password: "password", |
| 51 | + Charset: "utf8mb4", |
| 52 | + Connection: 10, |
| 53 | + }, |
| 54 | + Write: &mysqlPool.DBConfig{ |
| 55 | + Host: "localhost", |
| 56 | + Port: 3306, |
| 57 | + User: "root", |
| 58 | + Password: "password", |
| 59 | + Charset: "utf8mb4", |
| 60 | + Connection: 5, |
| 61 | + }, |
| 62 | + Log: &mysqlPool.Log{ |
| 63 | + Path: "./logs/mysql-pool", |
| 64 | + }, |
| 65 | + } |
| 66 | + |
| 67 | + // 初始化連線池 |
| 68 | + pool, err := mysqlPool.New(config) |
| 69 | + if err != nil { |
| 70 | + log.Fatal(err) |
| 71 | + } |
| 72 | + defer pool.Close() |
| 73 | + |
| 74 | + // 插入資料 |
| 75 | + userData := map[string]interface{}{ |
| 76 | + "name": "John Doe", |
| 77 | + "email": "john@example.com", |
| 78 | + "age": 30, |
| 79 | + } |
| 80 | + |
| 81 | + lastID, err := pool.Write. |
| 82 | + DB("myapp"). |
| 83 | + Table("users"). |
| 84 | + Insert(userData) |
| 85 | + if err != nil { |
| 86 | + log.Fatal(err) |
| 87 | + } |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | + fmt.Printf("插入使用者 ID: %d\n", lastID) |
| 90 | + |
| 91 | + // 查詢資料 |
| 92 | + rows, err := pool.Read. |
| 93 | + DB("myapp"). |
| 94 | + Table("users"). |
| 95 | + Select("id", "name", "email"). |
| 96 | + Where("age", ">", 18). |
| 97 | + OrderBy("created_at", "DESC"). |
| 98 | + Limit(10). |
| 99 | + Get() |
| 100 | + if err != nil { |
| 101 | + log.Fatal(err) |
| 102 | + } |
| 103 | + defer rows.Close() |
| 104 | + |
| 105 | + for rows.Next() { |
| 106 | + var id int |
| 107 | + var name, email string |
| 108 | + err := rows.Scan(&id, &name, &email) |
| 109 | + if err != nil { |
| 110 | + log.Fatal(err) |
| 111 | + } |
| 112 | + fmt.Printf("使用者: %s (%s)\n", name, email) |
| 113 | + } |
| 114 | +} |
| 115 | +``` |
| 116 | + |
| 117 | +### 配置說明 |
| 118 | + |
| 119 | +```go |
| 120 | +type Config struct { |
| 121 | + Read *DBConfig |
| 122 | + Write *DBConfig |
| 123 | + Log *Log |
| 124 | +} |
| 125 | + |
| 126 | +type DBConfig struct { |
| 127 | + Host string // 資料庫主機位址 |
| 128 | + Port int // 資料庫連接埠 |
| 129 | + User string // 資料庫使用者名稱 |
| 130 | + Password string // 資料庫密碼 |
| 131 | + Charset string // 字元集 (預設: utf8mb4) |
| 132 | + Connection int // 最大連線數 |
| 133 | +} |
| 134 | + |
| 135 | +type Log struct { |
| 136 | + Path string // 日誌目錄路徑 |
| 137 | + Stdout bool // 啟用控制台輸出 |
| 138 | + MaxSize int64 // 檔案輪轉前的最大大小 |
| 139 | + MaxBackup int // 保留的日誌檔案數量 |
| 140 | +} |
| 141 | +``` |
| 142 | + |
| 143 | +## 支援的操作 |
| 144 | + |
| 145 | +### 查詢建構器 |
| 146 | + |
| 147 | +```go |
| 148 | +// 基本查詢 |
| 149 | +rows, err := pool.Read. |
| 150 | + DB("database_name"). |
| 151 | + Table("users"). |
| 152 | + Select("id", "name", "email"). |
| 153 | + Where("status", "active"). |
| 154 | + Get() |
| 155 | + |
| 156 | +// 複雜條件查詢 |
| 157 | +rows, err := pool.Read. |
| 158 | + DB("database_name"). |
| 159 | + Table("users"). |
| 160 | + Select("*"). |
| 161 | + Where("age", ">", 18). |
| 162 | + Where("status", "active"). |
| 163 | + Where("name", "LIKE", "John"). |
| 164 | + OrderBy("created_at", "DESC"). |
| 165 | + Limit(10). |
| 166 | + Offset(20). |
| 167 | + Get() |
| 168 | + |
| 169 | +// JOIN 查詢 |
| 170 | +rows, err := pool.Read. |
| 171 | + DB("database_name"). |
| 172 | + Table("users"). |
| 173 | + Select("users.name", "profiles.bio"). |
| 174 | + LeftJoin("profiles", "users.id", "profiles.user_id"). |
| 175 | + Where("users.status", "active"). |
| 176 | + Get() |
| 177 | + |
| 178 | +// 計算總數 |
| 179 | +rows, err := pool.Read. |
| 180 | + DB("database_name"). |
| 181 | + Table("users"). |
| 182 | + Select("id", "name"). |
| 183 | + Where("status", "active"). |
| 184 | + Total(). |
| 185 | + Limit(10). |
| 186 | + Get() |
| 187 | +``` |
| 188 | + |
| 189 | +### CRUD 操作 |
| 190 | + |
| 191 | +```go |
| 192 | +// 插入資料 |
| 193 | +data := map[string]interface{}{ |
| 194 | + "name": "Jane Doe", |
| 195 | + "email": "jane@example.com", |
| 196 | + "age": 25, |
| 197 | +} |
| 198 | + |
| 199 | +lastID, err := pool.Write. |
| 200 | + DB("database_name"). |
| 201 | + Table("users"). |
| 202 | + Insert(data) |
| 203 | + |
| 204 | +// 更新資料 |
| 205 | +updateData := map[string]interface{}{ |
| 206 | + "age": 26, |
| 207 | + "status": "updated", |
| 208 | +} |
| 209 | + |
| 210 | +result, err := pool.Write. |
| 211 | + DB("database_name"). |
| 212 | + Table("users"). |
| 213 | + Where("id", 1). |
| 214 | + Update(updateData) |
| 215 | + |
| 216 | +// Upsert 操作 |
| 217 | +data := map[string]interface{}{ |
| 218 | + "email": "unique@example.com", |
| 219 | + "name": "New User", |
| 220 | +} |
| 221 | + |
| 222 | +updateData := map[string]interface{}{ |
| 223 | + "name": "Updated User", |
| 224 | + "last_login": "NOW()", |
| 225 | +} |
| 226 | + |
| 227 | +lastID, err := pool.Write. |
| 228 | + DB("database_name"). |
| 229 | + Table("users"). |
| 230 | + Upsert(data, updateData) |
| 231 | + |
| 232 | +// 遞增值 |
| 233 | +result, err := pool.Write. |
| 234 | + DB("database_name"). |
| 235 | + Table("users"). |
| 236 | + Where("id", 1). |
| 237 | + Increase("view_count", 1). |
| 238 | + Update() |
| 239 | +``` |
| 240 | + |
| 241 | +### 直接 SQL 操作 |
| 242 | + |
| 243 | +```go |
| 244 | +// 直接查詢 |
| 245 | +rows, err := pool.Read.Query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > ?", 18) |
| 246 | + |
| 247 | +// 直接執行 |
| 248 | +result, err := pool.Write.Exec("UPDATE users SET last_login = NOW() WHERE id = ?", userID) |
| 249 | +``` |
| 250 | + |
| 251 | +## 核心功能 |
| 252 | + |
| 253 | +### 連線池管理 |
| 254 | + |
| 255 | +- **New** - 建立新的連線池 |
| 256 | + ```go |
| 257 | + pool, err := mysqlPool.New(config) |
| 258 | + ``` |
| 259 | + - 初始化讀寫分離的連線池 |
| 260 | + - 設定日誌系統 |
| 261 | + - 驗證資料庫連線可用性 |
| 262 | + |
| 263 | +- **Close** - 關閉連線池 |
| 264 | + ```go |
| 265 | + err := pool.Close() |
| 266 | + ``` |
| 267 | + - 關閉所有連線 |
| 268 | + - 等待進行中的查詢完成 |
| 269 | + - 釋放系統資源 |
| 270 | + |
| 271 | +### 查詢建構 |
| 272 | + |
| 273 | +- **DB** - 指定資料庫 |
| 274 | + ```go |
| 275 | + builder := pool.Read.DB("database_name") |
| 276 | + ``` |
| 277 | + |
| 278 | +- **Table** - 指定資料表 |
| 279 | + ```go |
| 280 | + builder := builder.Table("table_name") |
| 281 | + ``` |
| 282 | + |
| 283 | +- **Select** - 選擇欄位 |
| 284 | + ```go |
| 285 | + builder := builder.Select("col1", "col2", "col3") |
| 286 | + ``` |
| 287 | + |
| 288 | +- **Where** - 篩選條件 |
| 289 | + ```go |
| 290 | + builder := builder.Where("column", "value") |
| 291 | + builder := builder.Where("column", ">", "value") |
| 292 | + builder := builder.Where("column", "LIKE", "pattern") |
| 293 | + ``` |
| 294 | + |
| 295 | +- **Join** - 資料表聯結 |
| 296 | + ```go |
| 297 | + builder := builder.LeftJoin("table2", "table1.id", "table2.foreign_id") |
| 298 | + builder := builder.RightJoin("table2", "table1.id", "table2.foreign_id") |
| 299 | + builder := builder.InnerJoin("table2", "table1.id", "table2.foreign_id") |
| 300 | + ``` |
| 301 | + |
| 302 | +### 資料操作 |
| 303 | + |
| 304 | +- **Insert** - 插入資料 |
| 305 | + ```go |
| 306 | + lastID, err := builder.Insert(data) |
| 307 | + ``` |
| 308 | + |
| 309 | +- **Update** - 更新資料 |
| 310 | + ```go |
| 311 | + result, err := builder.Update(data) |
| 312 | + ``` |
| 313 | + |
| 314 | +- **Upsert** - 插入或更新 |
| 315 | + ```go |
| 316 | + lastID, err := builder.Upsert(insertData, updateData) |
| 317 | + ``` |
| 318 | + |
| 319 | +## 授權條款 |
| 320 | + |
| 321 | +此原始碼專案採用 [MIT](https://github.com/pardnchiu/go-mysql-pool/blob/main/LICENSE) 授權條款。 |
| 322 | + |
| 323 | +## 作者 |
| 324 | + |
| 325 | +<img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/25631760" align="left" width="96" height="96" style="margin-right: 0.5rem;"> |
| 326 | + |
| 327 | +<h4 style="padding-top: 0">邱敬幃 Pardn Chiu</h4> |
| 328 | + |
| 329 | +<a href="mailto:dev@pardn.io" target="_blank"> |
| 330 | + <img src="https://pardn.io/image/email.svg" width="48" height="48"> |
| 331 | +</a> <a href="https://linkedin.com/in/pardnchiu" target="_blank"> |
| 332 | + <img src="https://pardn.io/image/linkedin.svg" width="48" height="48"> |
| 333 | +</a> |
| 334 | + |
| 335 | +*** |
| 336 | + |
| 337 | +©️ 2025 [邱敬幃 Pardn Chiu](https://pardn.io) |
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