fault injection

Tool	Level	Target	Comment
CharybdeFS	Userspace (FUSE)	Filesystem	Requires Thrift
PetardFS	Userspace (FUSE)	Filesystem	https://github.com/jrandall/petardfs
UnreliableFS	Userspace (FUSE)	Filesystem	https://github.com/ligurio/unreliablefs
libeatmydata	Userspace (LD_PRELOAD)	Filesystem, fsync()	replace fsync() with no-op, https://github.com/stewartsmith/libeatmydata
cleancache	Userspace (LD_PRELOAD)	Filesystem cache	drop files content from page cache after use, https://github.com/kahing/bin/blob/master/cleancache.c
Device Mapper	Kernel space	Disk I/O	Use Device Mapper's error/flakey/delay/dm-dust devices to return errors/corruption from, or delay/split IO to a synthesized block device (kernel, requires kernel to have been built with device mapper support, appropriate additional device mapper modules (dm-dust is only available on kernel >=5.2) and to have device mapper userspace bits). https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/device-mapper/delay.txt
QEMU	Hardware	Disk, Memory	blkdebug https://github.com/qemu/qemu/blob/master/docs/devel/blkdebug.txt
sysrq	Kernel space	OS crash	echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger, https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/sysrq.html
BSOD	Kernel space	OS crash	Windows only, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/debugger/forcing-a-system-crash-from-the-keyboard
strace	Userspace	POSIX API calls	https://strace.io/
libfiu	Userspace (LD_PRELOAD)	POSIX API calls	Use libfiu to perform fault injection on POSIX API calls, http://blitiri.com.ar/p/libfiu/
SystemTap	Userspace	POSIX API calls	Using SystemTap to do fault injection (kernel, requires a kernel to have been built with lots of stuff), https://lwn.net/Articles/289932/
strobe time	Userspace	Time	https://github.com/jepsen-io/jepsen/tree/main/jepsen/resources
libfaketime	Userspace (LD_PRELOAD)	Time	https://github.com/wolfcw/libfaketime
timeskew	Userspace (LD_PRELOAD)	Time	https://github.com/vi/timeskew
Linux kernel's fault injector	Kernel space	-	Use the Linux kernel's fault injector to inject an error into the underlying block device (kernel, requires kernel to have been built with FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST=y).
trickle	Userspace	Network	Bandwidth shaper for Unix-like systems, https://github.com/mariusae/trickle
tc (Linux), dummynet (FreeBSD)	Kernel space	Network	https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/tc.8.html, https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?dummynet
Linux kernel NVMe fault injection	Kernel space	NVMe	https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/fault-injection/nvme-fault-injection.html
Linux kernel notifier fault injection	Kernel space	Kernel events	https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/fault-injection/notifier-error-inject.html
Linux kernel fault injection capabilities infrastructure	Kernel space	Memory	https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/fault-injection/fault-injection.html

References:

1. Restricting program memory https://alex.dzyoba.com/blog/restrict-memory/