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_drafts/Others/2025-06-14-工具软件备忘.md

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* ibus: <https://github.com/ibus/ibus>
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* 深蓝词库转换: <https://github.com/studyzy/imewlconverter>
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## 虚拟机软件
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* Hypervisor: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypervisor>
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* VMware Workstation Player: <https://www.vmware.com/cn/products/workstation-player.html>
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* VirtualBox: <https://www.virtualbox.org/>
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* VMTransferFiles: <http://www.newesttools.com/vmtransfer.php>
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* QEMU: <https://www.qemu.org/>
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* Kernel Virtual Machine: <https://linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page>
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## 阅读器
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* 福昕PDF阅读器: <https://www.foxitsoftware.cn/foxitoffice/>

_drafts/Others/VirtualBox相关问题总结.md

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_drafts/setup-environment/2024-06-22-Aloys-Build-Manual.md

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![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jiangxincode/PicGo/master/aloys_build_manual/image190.png)
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## Windows 10系统下搭建Jenkins环境
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主要参考:
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http://www.cnblogs.com/edward2013/p/5269465.html
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但是没有安装ant,而且java、maven、tomcat都是使用的压缩包方式安装。
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## Ubuntu 16.04安装docker
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主要参考:
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https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/#install-using-the-repository
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## 配置AOSP源码查看环境
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### 在Windows上安装Repo,同步AOSP代码【不推荐】
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#### 安装配置Linux环境
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如果已经有Linux机器,本步骤省略。我在家中没有,遂采用在Windows上安装Virtualbox,然后通过Virtualbox安装Linux(Ubuntu)。
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如果已经有Linux机器,本步骤省略。我采用在Windows上安装虚拟机,然后通过虚拟机安装Linux(Ubuntu)。
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同时按需安装Git/Vim/OpenSSH Server等工具,安装方式不再赘述,网上有很多。
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#### 下载AOSP源码

_posts/the-way-of-learning/2015-05-19-Docker学习之路.md

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_posts/the-way-of-learning/2015-05-19-Unix与Linux学习之路.md

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```
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CentOS/Redhat可以参考如下地址:<http://blog.csdn.net/zoubf/article/details/47607039>
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## vSphere专题
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* vSphere正确分配虚拟机CPU资源: <http://xjlegend.blog.51cto.com/59163/1642460>
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* 如何通过Vmware vSphere Client安装虚拟机教程: <http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/bea41d439726c1b4c51be629.html>
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* VMWARE ESXI 虚拟硬盘的格式:精简置备、厚置备延迟置零、厚置备置零: <http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxing1521025/article/details/51282248>
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* Download link for All Versions of VMware vSphere Client: <http://www.vmwarearena.com/download-link-for-all-versions-of-vmware-vsphere-client/>
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* [vSphere 6] vmclicent连接单机时报错: <http://bbs.vmsky.com/thread-55705-1-1.html>
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---
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title: "虚拟化与容器化学习之路"
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categories:
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- the-way-of-learning
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tags:
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- 学习之路
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- 虚拟机
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- 容器
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toc: true
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---
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* CPU 硬件虚拟化扩展指令集: Intel VT-x/AMD-V
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* KVM(Kernel-based Virtual Machine): <https://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page>
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* Xen(open source hypervisor): <https://www.xenproject.org/>
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* QEMU(A generic and open source machine emulator and virtualizer): <https://www.qemu.org/>
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* LXC(Linux Containers): <https://linuxcontainers.org/>
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* proxmox(open source server virtualization management solution based on QEMU/KVM and LXC): <https://pve.proxmox.com/>
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* Hypervisor: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypervisor>
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## Oracle
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### Oracle VM
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* Oracle VM: <https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/server-storage/vm/downloads/index.html>
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### VirtualBox
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* VirtualBox: <https://www.virtualbox.org/>
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* Manual: <https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/>
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* Free VirtualBox® Images: <https://virtualboxes.org/images/>
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* VirtualBox Images: <https://www.osboxes.org/virtualbox-images/>
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* VMTransferFiles: <https://www.newesttools.com/vmtransfer.php>
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* VT-x features locked or unavailable in MSR: <https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=43403&sid=5ccd991da007192f4c429c657b725eae>
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* 解决ubuntu下virtualbox访问usb子系统失败: <http://blog.coltcn.com/2012/03/13/virtualbox-error-failed-to-access-usb-subsystem/>
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* VBoxManage: <https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch08.html#vboxmanage-modifyvdi>
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* 增大VirtualBox虚拟硬盘容量: <http://www.cnblogs.com/zhcncn/articles/2948508.html>
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* VirtualBox 扩展虚拟硬盘容量: <http://blog.csdn.net/ganshuyu/article/details/17954733>
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#### 安装CentOS后安装增强功能
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1. 启动CentOS,以root身份登录,进入桌面环境。
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2. 执行如下命令: `yum update`+`yum install kernel-devel`+`yum install gcc`
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3. 重启系统
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4. 安装增强功能
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5. 重新启动
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#### Cannot register the hard disk错误解决办法
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virtualbox中加载已有的虚拟硬盘时出现Cannot register the hard disk错误,描述类似下面的。
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```text
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ERROR: Cannot register the hard disk '/mnt/ee/winxp/xp.vdi' with UUID {395ae4ae-8bf9-42e5-b82a-61af9f95fbf0} because a hard disk '/mnt/ee/winxp/xp.vdi' with UUID {395ae4ae-8bf9-42e5-b82a-61af9f95fbf0} already exists in the media registry ('/home/pzye/.VirtualBox/VirtualBox.xml')
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Details: code NS_ERROR_INVALID_ARG (0x80070057), component VirtualBox, interface IVirtualBox, callee nsISupports
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Context: "OpenHardDisk(Bstr(szFilenameAbs), AccessMode_ReadWrite, srcDisk.asOutParam())" at line 603 of file VBoxManageDisk.cpp
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```
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解决方法如下:关闭virtualbox,重新启动它,它会检测虚拟硬盘,可能会检测出来一些虚拟硬盘,请将其删除,然后就不会出现这个问题了。
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#### virtualbox命令行共享CentOS目录
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1. 安装virtualbox增强工具
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2. 设置共享文件夹:完成后点击"设备(Devices)" -> 共享文件夹(Shared Folders)菜单,添加一个共享文件夹,选项固定和临时是指该文件夹是否是持久的。共享名可以随意取,如"jiangxin",尽量使用英文名称,不要有空格。
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3. 挂载共享文件夹,在命令行终端下输入:`mkdir /mnt/jiangxin`+`mount -t vboxsf jiangxin /mnt/jiangxin`,其中`jiangxin`是之前创建的共享文件夹的名字。现在虚拟机和主机可以互传文件了。如不想每次都手动挂载,可以在/etc/fstab中添加一项:`jiangxin /mnt/jiangxin vboxsf rw,gid=100,uid=1000,auto 0 0`
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4. 卸载的话使用下面的命令: `umount -f /mnt/jiangxin`
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#### Windows 8.1+VirtualBox较新版本打开虚拟机时报错
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报错信息:
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```text
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Unable to load R3 module D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox/VBoxDD.dll
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(VBoxDD):GetLastError=1790
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(VERR_UNRESOLVED_ERROR)
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```
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解决办法是在Windows/system32下:
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* themeui.dll.old.tweakcube替换themeui.dll
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* uxtheme.dll.old.tweakcube替换uxtheme.dll
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如果是Windows 7中遇到类似问题,参考:<http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/ab69b270bb7b2a2ca6189f6d.html>
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## Vmware
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* VMware: <https://www.vmware.com/>
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### 服务器Hypervisor
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1998 VMware 公司成立
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├─ 1999 VMware Workstation(第一代,宿主型)
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├─ 2001 VMware GSX Server(服务器宿主型,已死)
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└─ 2001 VMware ESX(第一代裸金属)
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├─ 2003 vCenter 前身 VirtualCenter
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├─ 2009 ESXi(去 Linux 服务控制台,轻量)
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│ └─ 今天 vSphere 套件核心
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└─ 2014 ESX 彻底停更(路线全部并到 ESXi)
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简单理解:
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* ESXi 是“地基+承重墙”——裸金属虚拟化操作系统,直接装服务器上,真正让 CPU/内存/网卡变成资源池。
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* vCenter Server 是“物业中控室”——一台单独部署的虚拟机(或物理机),集中管理整栋楼的所有 ESXi 主机。
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* vSphere 是整栋楼的“楼盘品牌”——它=地基(ESXi)+物业(vCenter)+门禁/电梯/消防等可选组件(vSAN、vMotion、HA、DRS…),打包卖给你。
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* vSphere正确分配虚拟机CPU资源: <http://xjlegend.blog.51cto.com/59163/1642460>
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* 如何通过Vmware vSphere Client安装虚拟机教程: <http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/bea41d439726c1b4c51be629.html>
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* VMWARE ESXI 虚拟硬盘的格式:精简置备、厚置备延迟置零、厚置备置零: <http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxing1521025/article/details/51282248>
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* Download link for All Versions of VMware vSphere Client: <http://www.vmwarearena.com/download-link-for-all-versions-of-vmware-vsphere-client/>
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* [vSphere 6] vmclicent连接单机时报错: <http://bbs.vmsky.com/thread-55705-1-1.html>
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### 桌面Hypervisor
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* Workstation/Fusion: <https://www.vmware.com/products/desktop-hypervisor/workstation-and-fusion.html>
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* Workstation Player and Fusion Player are no longer being sold: <https://www.vmware.com/docs/desktop-hypervisor-faqs>
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## Microsoft
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* Hyper-V: <https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/>
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2004 Microsoft Virtual PC(收购 Connectix)
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├─ 2007 改名为 "Virtual PC 2007"
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└─ 2009 随 Win7 发布再次改名 → "Windows Virtual PC"
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| 仅支持 Win7 专业版/旗舰版
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| 主打 "XP Mode" 一键运行老程序
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2012 官方停止开发,下载链接 2025 已下架
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2008 微软推出 Hyper-V(Windows Server 2008 角色)
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├─ 2012 随 Windows 8 进入客户端(Pro/Enterprise)
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└─ 2025 今天:Win11/WinServer 2025 默认虚拟化底座
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简单理解:
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* Virtual PC/Windows Virtual PC → Win7 时代的“老玩具”,32 位单核,已进博物馆。
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* Hyper-V → 从 Win8 起接班的“正规军”,裸金属、企业级,现在 Win11/WSL2 都靠它跑。
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## docker
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* <http://www.docker.com/>
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* <https://hub.docker.com/>
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* About images, containers, and storage drivers: <https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/storagedriver/imagesandcontainers/>
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* Install: <https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/#install-using-the-repository>
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* Kubernetes: <https://kubernetes.io/>
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* Kubernetes指南: <https://kubernetes.feisky.xyz/>
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* Docker —— 从入门到实践: <https://www.gitbook.com/book/yeasy/docker_practice/details>
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* docker中文: <http://www.docker.org.cn/>
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* DOCKER windows安装: <http://blog.csdn.net/zistxym/article/details/42918339>
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* boot2docker: <http://boot2docker.io/>

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