|
| 1 | +--- |
| 2 | +title: Front End Developer Interview Questions |
| 3 | +layout: layouts/page.njk |
| 4 | +permalink: /translations/************/index.html |
| 5 | +--- |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | + |
| 8 | +## <a name='toc'>Table of Contents</a> |
| 9 | + |
| 10 | +1. [General Questions](#general) |
| 11 | +1. [HTML Questions](#html) |
| 12 | +1. [CSS Questions](#css) |
| 13 | +1. [JS Questions](#js) |
| 14 | +1. [Testing Questions](#testing) |
| 15 | +1. [Performance Questions](#performance) |
| 16 | +1. [Network Questions](#network) |
| 17 | +1. [Fun Questions](#fun) |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | + |
| 20 | +#### [[⬆]](#toc) <a name='general'>General Questions:</a> |
| 21 | + |
| 22 | +* What did you learn yesterday/this week? |
| 23 | +* What excites or interests you about coding? |
| 24 | +* What is a recent technical challenge you experienced and how did you solve it? |
| 25 | +* When building a new web site or maintaining one, can you explain some techniques you have used to increase performance? |
| 26 | +* Can you describe some SEO best practices or techniques you have used lately? |
| 27 | +* Can you explain any common techniques or recent issues solved in regards to front-end security? |
| 28 | +* What actions have you personally taken on recent projects to increase maintainability of your code? |
| 29 | +* Talk about your preferred development environment. |
| 30 | +* Which version control systems are you familiar with? |
| 31 | +* Can you describe your workflow when you create a web page? |
| 32 | +* If you have 5 different stylesheets, how would you best integrate them into the site? |
| 33 | +* Can you describe the difference between progressive enhancement and graceful degradation? |
| 34 | +* How would you optimize a website's assets/resources? |
| 35 | +* How many resources will a browser download from a given domain at a time? |
| 36 | + * What are the exceptions? |
| 37 | +* Name 3 ways to decrease page load (perceived or actual load time). |
| 38 | +* If you jumped on a project and they used tabs and you used spaces, what would you do? |
| 39 | +* Describe how you would create a simple slideshow page. |
| 40 | +* If you could master one technology this year, what would it be? |
| 41 | +* Explain the importance of standards and standards bodies. |
| 42 | +* What is Flash of Unstyled Content? How do you avoid FOUC? |
| 43 | +* Explain what ARIA and screenreaders are, and how to make a website accessible. |
| 44 | +* Explain some of the pros and cons for CSS animations versus JavaScript animations. |
| 45 | +* What does CORS stand for and what issue does it address? |
| 46 | +* How did you handle a disagreement with your boss or your collaborator? |
| 47 | +* What resources do you use to learn about the latest in front end development and design? |
| 48 | +* What skills are needed to be a good front-end developer? |
| 49 | +* What role do you see yourself in? |
| 50 | +* Explain the difference between cookies, session storage, and local storage? |
| 51 | +* Can you explain what happens when you enter a URL into the browser? |
| 52 | + |
| 53 | +#### [[⬆]](#toc) <a name='html'>HTML Questions:</a> |
| 54 | + |
| 55 | +* What does a `doctype` do? |
| 56 | +* How do you serve a page with content in multiple languages? |
| 57 | +* What kind of things must you be wary of when designing or developing for multilingual sites? |
| 58 | +* What are `data-` attributes good for? |
| 59 | +* Consider HTML5 as an open web platform. What are the building blocks of HTML5? |
| 60 | +* Describe the difference between a `cookie`, `sessionStorage` and `localStorage`. |
| 61 | +* Describe the difference between `<script>`, `<script async>` and `<script defer>`. |
| 62 | +* Why is it generally a good idea to position CSS `<link>`s between `<head></head>` and JS `<script>`s just before `</body>`? Do you know any exceptions? |
| 63 | +* What is progressive rendering? |
| 64 | +* Why you would use a `srcset` attribute in an image tag? Explain the process the browser uses when evaluating the content of this attribute. |
| 65 | +* Have you used different HTML templating languages before? |
| 66 | +* What is the difference between `canvas` and `svg`? |
| 67 | +* What are empty elements in HTML ? |
| 68 | + |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | +#### [[⬆]](#toc) <a name='css'>CSS Questions:</a> |
| 71 | + |
| 72 | +* What is CSS selector specificity and how does it work? |
| 73 | +* What's the difference between "resetting" and "normalizing" CSS? Which would you choose, and why? |
| 74 | +* Describe Floats and how they work. |
| 75 | +* Describe z-index and how stacking context is formed. |
| 76 | +* Describe BFC (Block Formatting Context) and how it works. |
| 77 | +* What are the various clearing techniques and which is appropriate for what context? |
| 78 | +* How would you approach fixing browser-specific styling issues? |
| 79 | +* How do you serve your pages for feature-constrained browsers? |
| 80 | + * What techniques/processes do you use? |
| 81 | +* What are the different ways to visually hide content (and make it available only for screen readers)? |
| 82 | +* Have you ever used a grid system, and if so, what do you prefer? |
| 83 | +* Have you used or implemented media queries or mobile specific layouts/CSS? |
| 84 | +* Are you familiar with styling SVG? |
| 85 | +* Can you give an example of an `@media` property other than `screen`? |
| 86 | +* What are some of the "gotchas" for writing efficient CSS? |
| 87 | +* What are the advantages/disadvantages of using CSS preprocessors? |
| 88 | + * Describe what you like and dislike about the CSS preprocessors you have used. |
| 89 | +* How would you implement a web design comp that uses non-standard fonts? |
| 90 | +* Explain how a browser determines what elements match a CSS selector. |
| 91 | +* Describe pseudo-elements and discuss what they are used for. |
| 92 | +* Explain your understanding of the box model and how you would tell the browser in CSS to render your layout in different box models. |
| 93 | +* What does ```* { box-sizing: border-box; }``` do? What are its advantages? |
| 94 | +* What is the CSS `display` property and can you give a few examples of its use? |
| 95 | +* What's the difference between inline and inline-block? |
| 96 | +* What's the difference between the "nth-of-type()" and "nth-child()" selectors? |
| 97 | +* What's the difference between a relative, fixed, absolute and statically positioned element? |
| 98 | +* What existing CSS frameworks have you used locally, or in production? How would you change/improve them? |
| 99 | +* Have you used CSS Grid? |
| 100 | +* Can you explain the difference between coding a web site to be responsive versus using a mobile-first strategy? |
| 101 | +* Have you ever worked with retina graphics? If so, when and what techniques did you use? |
| 102 | +* Is there any reason you'd want to use `translate()` instead of *absolute positioning*, or vice-versa? And why? |
| 103 | +* How is clearfix css property useful? |
| 104 | +* Can you explain the difference between px, em and rem as they relate to font sizing? |
| 105 | +* Can you give an example of a pseudo class? Can you provide an example use case for a pseudo class? |
| 106 | +* What is the difference between a block level element and an inline element. Can you provide examples of each type of element? |
| 107 | +* What is the difference between CSS Grid and Flexbox? When would you use one over the other? |
| 108 | + |
| 109 | +#### [[⬆]](#toc) <a name='js'>JS Questions:</a> |
| 110 | + |
| 111 | +* Explain event delegation. |
| 112 | +* Explain how `this` works in JavaScript. |
| 113 | + * Can you give an example of one of the ways that working with `this` has changed in ES6? |
| 114 | +* Explain how prototypal inheritance works. |
| 115 | +* What's the difference between a variable that is: `null`, `undefined` or undeclared? |
| 116 | + * How would you go about checking for any of these states? |
| 117 | +* What is a closure, and how/why would you use one? |
| 118 | +* What language constructions do you use for iterating over object properties and array items? |
| 119 | +* Can you describe the main difference between the `Array.forEach()` loop and `Array.map()` methods and why you would pick one versus the other? |
| 120 | +* What's a typical use case for anonymous functions? |
| 121 | +* What's the difference between host objects and native objects? |
| 122 | +* Explain the difference between: `function Person(){}`, `var person = Person()`, and `var person = new Person()`? |
| 123 | +* Explain the differences on the usage of `foo` between `function foo() {}` and `var foo = function() {}` |
| 124 | +* Can you explain what `Function.call` and `Function.apply` do? What's the notable difference between the two? |
| 125 | +* Explain `Function.prototype.bind`. |
| 126 | +* What's the difference between feature detection, feature inference, and using the UA string? |
| 127 | +* Explain "hoisting". |
| 128 | +* What is type coercion? What are common pitfalls of relying on type coercion in JavaScript code? |
| 129 | +* Describe event bubbling. |
| 130 | +* Describe event capturing. |
| 131 | +* What's the difference between an "attribute" and a "property"? |
| 132 | +* What are the pros and cons of extending built-in JavaScript objects? |
| 133 | +* What is the difference between `==` and `===`? |
| 134 | +* Explain the same-origin policy with regards to JavaScript. |
| 135 | +* Why is it called a Ternary operator, what does the word "Ternary" indicate? |
| 136 | +* What is strict mode? What are some of the advantages/disadvantages of using it? |
| 137 | +* What are some of the advantages/disadvantages of writing JavaScript code in a language that compiles to JavaScript? |
| 138 | +* What tools and techniques do you use debugging JavaScript code? |
| 139 | +* Explain the difference between mutable and immutable objects. |
| 140 | + * What is an example of an immutable object in JavaScript? |
| 141 | + * What are the pros and cons of immutability? |
| 142 | + * How can you achieve immutability in your own code? |
| 143 | +* Explain the difference between synchronous and asynchronous functions. |
| 144 | +* What is event loop? |
| 145 | + * What is the difference between call stack and task queue? |
| 146 | +* What are the differences between variables created using `let`, `var` or `const`? |
| 147 | +* What are the differences between ES6 class and ES5 function constructors? |
| 148 | +* Can you offer a use case for the new arrow `=>` function syntax? How does this new syntax differ from other functions? |
| 149 | +* What advantage is there for using the arrow syntax for a method in a constructor? |
| 150 | +* What is the definition of a higher-order function? |
| 151 | +* Can you give an example for destructuring an object or an array? |
| 152 | +* Can you give an example of generating a string with ES6 Template Literals? |
| 153 | +* Can you give an example of a curry function and why this syntax offers an advantage? |
| 154 | +* What are the benefits of using `spread syntax` and how is it different from `rest syntax`? |
| 155 | +* How can you share code between files? |
| 156 | +* Why you might want to create static class members? |
| 157 | +* What is the difference between `while` and `do-while` loops in JavaScript? |
| 158 | +* What is a promise? Where and how would you use promise? |
| 159 | +* Discuss how you might use Object Oriented Programming principles when coding with JavaScript. |
| 160 | + |
| 161 | +## Coding questions |
| 162 | +* Make this work: |
| 163 | +```javascript |
| 164 | +duplicate([1,2,3,4,5]); // [1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3,4,5] |
| 165 | +``` |
| 166 | +* Create a for loop that iterates up to `100` while outputting **"fizz"** at multiples of `3`, **"buzz"** at multiples of `5` and **"fizzbuzz"** at multiples of `3` and `5` |
| 167 | +* What will be returned by each of these? |
| 168 | +```javascript |
| 169 | +console.log("hello" || "world") |
| 170 | +console.log("foo" && "bar") |
| 171 | +``` |
| 172 | +* Write an immediately invoked function expression (IIFE) |
| 173 | + |
| 174 | + |
| 175 | +#### [[⬆]](#toc) <a name='testing'>Testing Questions:</a> |
| 176 | + |
| 177 | +* What are some advantages/disadvantages to testing your code? |
| 178 | +* What tools would you use to test your code's functionality? |
| 179 | +* What is the difference between a unit test and a functional/integration test? |
| 180 | +* What is the purpose of a code style linting tool? |
| 181 | +* What are some of the testing best practices? |
| 182 | + |
| 183 | + |
| 184 | +#### [[⬆]](#toc) <a name='performance'>Performance Questions:</a> |
| 185 | + |
| 186 | +* What tools would you use to find a performance bug in your code? |
| 187 | +* What are some ways you may improve your website's scrolling performance? |
| 188 | +* Explain the difference between layout, painting and compositing. |
| 189 | + |
| 190 | +#### [[⬆]](#toc) <a name='network'>Network Questions:</a> |
| 191 | + |
| 192 | +* Traditionally, why has it been better to serve site assets from multiple domains? |
| 193 | +* Do your best to describe the process from the time you type in a website's URL to it finishing loading on your screen. |
| 194 | +* What are the differences between Long-Polling, Websockets and Server-Sent Events? |
| 195 | +* Explain the following request and response headers: |
| 196 | + * Diff. between Expires, Date, Age and If-Modified-... |
| 197 | + * Do Not Track |
| 198 | + * Cache-Control |
| 199 | + * Transfer-Encoding |
| 200 | + * ETag |
| 201 | + * X-Frame-Options |
| 202 | +* What are HTTP methods? List all HTTP methods that you know, and explain them. |
| 203 | +* What is domain pre-fetching and how does it help with performance? |
| 204 | +* What is a CDN and what is the benefit of using one? |
| 205 | + |
| 206 | +#### [[⬆]](#toc) <a name='fun'>Fun Questions:</a> |
| 207 | + |
| 208 | +* What's a cool project that you've recently worked on? |
| 209 | +* What are some things you like about the developer tools you use? |
| 210 | +* Who inspires you in the front-end community? |
| 211 | +* Do you have any pet projects? What kind? |
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