feature: add Table Feature Info (#1462)

## What changes are proposed in this pull request?

Stacked on #1404

This PR introduces info for Delta table features including min protocol
versions, dependencies, support status, and enablement logic.

Components:

  **1. `FeatureInfo` (Central Metadata Struct)**
- Contains complete for each table feature: name, min protocol versions,
feature type, requirements, support status, and enablement logic
- Static instances defined for each feature (e.g., `APPEND_ONLY_INFO`,
`DELETION_VECTORS_INFO`)

  **2. `EnablementCheck` (Determines if a Feature is Active)**
- `AlwaysIfSupported`: Feature is enabled whenever it's in the protocol
(e.g., `Invariants`, `DomainMetadata`)
- `EnabledIf(fn)`: Feature is enabled only when supported AND a table
property is set (e.g., `AppendOnly` requires `append_only = true`,
`DeletionVectors` requires `enable_deletion_vectors
  = true`)

  **3. `KernelSupport` (Tracks Kernel Implementation Status)**
  - `Supported`: Kernel fully implements this operation
  - `NotSupported`: Kernel doesn't implement this operation
- `Custom(fn)`: Context-dependent support (e.g., Column Mapping may
support Scan but not CDF)
  - Separate checks for `read_support` and `write_support`

  **4. `FeatureRequirement` (Declares Feature Dependencies)**
- `Supported(feature)`: Another feature must be in the protocol (e.g.,
RowTracking requires DomainMetadata)
- `Enabled(feature)`: Another feature must be active (e.g.,
IcebergCompatV1 requires ColumnMapping enabled)
- `NotSupported(feature)`: Incompatible with another feature (e.g.,
IcebergCompatV1 blocks DeletionVectors)
- `NotEnabled(feature)`: Another feature must not be active (e.g.,
IcebergCompatV2 requires DeletionVectors not enabled)
- `Custom(fn)`: Custom validation logic (e.g., IcebergCompat checks
column mapping mode is 'name' or 'id')

  **5. `Operation` (Context for Support Checks)**
  - `Scan`: Regular table data operations
  - `Cdf`: Change data feed operations
  - Used by `SupportCheck::Custom` to determine context-specific support


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## How was this change tested?
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New tests

Author: DrakeLin