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Lecture 6

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chris wiggins edited this page Apr 2, 2017 · 23 revisions

Readings

  • Inference Experts: ONLY 3.4 3.6 3.7 are required

  • Fisher, R. A. (1955), "Statistical Methods and Scientific Induction". Journal of The Royal Statistical Society (B) 17: 69-78.

  • Neyman, J. (1956), "Note on an Article by Sir Ronald Fisher," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological), 18: 288-294.

  • Pearson, E. S. (1955), "Statistical Concepts in Their Relation to Reality," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, B, 17: 204-207.

Discussion

Priming as a tool for psychology studies

  • Saying orange increases the probability of thinking the word orange

Strategies for evading p-value hacking

  • Multiple nobel prize winners have been accused of p value hacking
  • Prevent researchers from p-value hacking by requiring multiple measurements and proof of concept

19th Century Eugenicists

  • Why were they trying to better then world through data
  • The Enlightenment caused us to believe that reason applied to social problems is supposed to better society
  • Used data to approach poverty

Enlightenment and Post-Enlightenment Philosophers

Malthus vs Adam Smith
  • Malthus believes that resources would not grow to fit the needs of population
  • Smith won

Condorcet and Laplace

  • Willingness to look critically
  • Move from individually reasoning to aggregate description

Social mathematics transition to scientific racism

  • Gould on Galton
  • States can matter in understanding their people under administrative categories
  • Statistical understanding of social problems
  • Historical context in evolutionary biology

Pearson

  • Was an anti-realist
  • Correlation Coefficient based only on prior observed data, can't perform testable experiment

Gould

  • Galton: Studied inheritance of intelligence
  • Broca Craniometry: Measured heads and used as foundation for scientific racism

Analysis of Gould

  • Potential take away could be that quantification doesn't matter

Galton

  • Population according to their deviation
  • Variance among the same family
  • Law of Deviation describes variance among a population
  • Support for policy, engineering statecraft
  • In current time frame wasn't able to run tests such as "What if X people didn't smoke"
  • Only had access to observational data
  • Used Pearson's correlation coefficient

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